Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
8485924 | Vaccine | 2018 | 8 Pages |
Abstract
The preceding decade has witnessed the emergence of severe community-acquired acute infections caused by Haemophilus influenzae serotype a (Hia), with alarming incidence rates in North America, particularly among indigenous populations. The remarkable success of Hib conjugate vaccine over the past 20â¯years signify the development of an Hia vaccine candidate as a prevention measure to reduce the incidence of invasive Hia disease. However, quantifications of the long-term epidemiologic and economic impacts of vaccination are needed to inform decision on investment in Hia vaccine development and immunization programs. We sought to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of an Hia vaccine with a similar routine infant immunization schedules currently in practice for Hib in Canada. We developed and parameterized an agent-based simulation model using age-specific incidence rates reported for Nunavut, a Canadian territory with predominantly aboriginal populations. Our results, based on statistical analyses of the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio, show that an Hia conjugate vaccine is highly cost-effective. Sustaining an immunization program with vaccine coverages of 77% for primary series and 93% for booster dose over a 10-year period reduces the incidence of invasive disease by 63.8% on average from 9.97 to 3.61 cases, per 100,000 population. The overall costs of disease management in year 10 are reduced by 53.4% from CDN $1.863â¯million (95% CI: $1.229-$2.519â¯M) to CDN $0.868â¯million (95% CI: $0.627-$1.120â¯M). The findings suggest an important role for a conjugate vaccine in managing Hia disease as a growing public health threat.
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Authors
Affan Shoukat, Robert Van Exan, Seyed M. Moghadas,