Analysis of dispersion relation of the elliptical dielectric waveguides having M-type refractive index profile

The propagation of electromagnetic wave in elliptical waveguide having M-type refractive index profiles is investigated. The considered waveguide consists of an elliptical core which lies between inner cladding region and outer cladding region and it is known as annular waveguide. The possible modes for this structure are numerically calculated by solving a dispersion relation, which is expressed in terms of Mathieu functions. The finding results of this waveguide are compared with another similar waveguide having inner cladding regions filled with air. It is observed that the cutoff V-values shifted toward lower frequency when the inner cladding region is filled with air.