Topographic imaging simulation of optical remote sensing based on Landsat TM data

In this study, topographic imaging simulation was realized based on the Landsat TM image and DEM data. Firstly, the surface reflectance was retrieved with the scs+c correction method. Secondly, the slope surface irradiance look-up table was set up by combining the radiative transfer equation and bi-directional reflectance ratio with the plane surface irradiance at different slopes, aspects, image acquisition times and elevations with 6 s radiative transfer software. Finally, the apparent radiance reaching at the sensor, covering the Liaoning mountain terrain, was simulated at 8 am, 12 pm and 16 pm on 11 August, respectively.