One-dimensional optical dark screening photovoltaic–photorefractive solitons, soliton pairs and incoherent interaction between them in BaTiO3 crystal

We studied the theory of the optical solitons and introduced the nonlinear equations governed by the screening photovoltaic–photorefractive dark solitons. By the use of the numerical methods, the intensity profile, refractive index change of the media and also stability under propagation are investigated. Also, we investigated incoherent coupled dark–dark soliton pairs and incoherent interaction between them.