Arginine: Challenges and opportunities of this two-faced molecule in cancer therapy

Article ID	Journal	Published Year	Pages	File Type
8525050	Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy	2018	8 Pages	PDF

Abstract

Numerous antitumor therapies have been developed based on the differences in cells' metabolisms. Regarding the important role of arginine (Arg) in the regulation of multiple metabolic and signaling pathways, its deprivation has been proposed as a good strategy for tumor regression in tumors with defected Arg metabolic enzymes like argininosuccinate synthase 1 (ASS1). However, modulatory effect of Arg on various cancers is also a controversial issue. Therefore, this review article intends to address some of the challenges faced by Arg deprivation method as well as Arg administration for cancer therapy.

Keywords

OXPHOS HIF-1α LC3 GLN ASN MDSCs NOS OTC Ornithine decarboxylase ODC TAMs TCA MMP2/9 AMPK NF-κB ADC TGF-β ASL ASS1 AMP-activated protein kinase argininosuccinate lyase CTLs ECs ERK1/2 ADI ROS Arginine Arginase arginine decarboxylase arginine deiminase Argininosuccinate synthase 1 Asparagine AIF Arg tricarboxylic acid Ornithine aminotransferase interleukin SER transforming growth factor beta 1 Ornithine transcarbamylase Tumor associated macrophages Oat light chain 3 Cancer Serine cytotoxic T cells Myeloid-derived suppressor cells Endothelial cells apoptosis-inducing factor hypoxia inducible factor 1α Vascular endothelial growth factor Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF)nuclear factor kappa B Oxidative phosphorylation major histocompatibility complex MHC Nitric oxide nitric oxide synthase extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 glutamine Reactive oxygen species