Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
8525611 | Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy | 2018 | 14 Pages |
Abstract
Ganoderma applanatum is a widely distributed saprobic or parasitic mushroom, it was found at the bases of decaying logs in Hakozaki Higashi-ku Fukuoka-shi. Japan. The mushroom was extracted with 80% methanol, and LC-HRMS analysis was conducted to illustrate the bioactive ingredients. The cytotoxicity of the total metabolite extract was evaluated against human colon cancer cell line (Caco-2) which showed IC50 value of 160â¯Â±â¯4.08â¯Î¼g/ml. G. applanatum methanolic extract caused different morphological alterations and increased glutathione level in the treated cells. Interestingly, G. applanatum increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio significantly (Pâ¯Ëâ¯0.05) at concentrations of 80 and 160â¯Î¼g/ml on Caco-2 undergoing apoptotic p53-independent pathway with lake expression of p53 protein and up-regulated Cas-3 mRNA. The in vivo study on solid Ehrlich tumor (SEC) revealed a decrease in the volume of the developed tumor mass after five days of G. applanatum (200â¯Î¼g/ml) treatment. The apoptotic p53-dependant pathway was confirmed by mRNA Bax/Bcl-2 increased ratio in addition to p53 and Cas-3 up-regulation. In conclusion, G. applanatum could exert apoptotic antitumor properties in Caco-2 by p53-independent pathway and p53-dependant in SEC. The findings proved that G. applanatum can be a promising candidate as alternative or co-anticancer medications.
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Authors
Waill A. Elkhateeb, Gihan M. Zaghlol, Islam M. El-Garawani, Eman F. Ahmed, Mostafa E. Rateb, Ahmed E. Abdel Moneim,