Scutellarin inhibits RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis and titanium particle-induced osteolysis via suppression of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathway

Aseptic prosthetic loosening is a major complication after hip joint replacement. Wear particle-induced periprosthetic osteolysis plays a key role in aseptic prosthetic loosening. Attempting to modulate receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANKL) mediated signaling pathways is a promising strategy to prevent aseptic prosthetic loosening. In the present study, we determined the effect of scutellarin (SCU) on titanium (Ti) particle-induced osteolysis in a mouse calvarial model and RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis. We determined that SCU, the major effective constituent of breviscapine isolated from a Chinese herb, has potential effects on preventing Ti particle-caused osteolysis in calvarial model of mouse. In vitro, SCU could suppress RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis, the function of osteoclast bone resorption, and the expression levels of osteoclast-specific genes (tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), cathepsin K, c-Fos, NFATc1). Further investigation indicated that SCU could inhibit RANKL-mediated MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathway, including JNK1/2, p38, ERK1/2, and IκBα phosphorylation. Taken together, these results indicate that SCU could inhibit osteoclastogenesis and prevent Ti particle-induced osteolysis by suppressing RANKL-mediated MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathway. These results suggest that SCU is a promising therapeutic agent for preventing wear particle-induced periprosthetic osteolysis.