Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
8538798 | Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology | 2018 | 13 Pages |
Abstract
Cuprizone (Cup) is a copper chelating agent frequently used to study factors that affect oligodendrocytes (OLGs) death and acute demyelination. Triptolide (TP), a nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) blocker, is a major bioactive component of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook f. (TWHf) with various therapeutic activities. In this study, we examined the effects of TP on neuroglia activation, inflammation, apoptosis, demyelination, and behavioral deficits in the Cup-induced toxic model of multiple sclerosis (MS). C57BL/6â¯J mice were fed with chow containing 0.2% Cup for 6â¯weeks to induce detectable neuroinflammation and myelin loss. TP was administered intraperitoneally at different doses (125, 250 or 500â¯Î¼g/kg/day) during the last week of the Cup challenge. Although TP substantially decreased Cup-induced NF-κB extra activation, TNF-α and IL-1 over expression, and gliosis in a dose-dependent manner, only low dose of TP (TP-125) was able to raise the number of OLGs precursor cells (NG-2+/O4+), reduce Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and improve behavioral deficits. In addition, TP-125 decreased NF-κB activation on GFAP+ astrocytes more than MAC-3+ microglial and MOG+ oligodendrocytes which suggested the possibility of specific dampening of NF-κB signaling in reactive astrocytes. Behavioral assessments by open-field and rota-rod tests showed that only TP-125 notably improved motor function and motor coordination compared to the Cup group. These findings highlight the pivotal role of NF-κB signaling in the oligodendrogenesis and lesion reduction in demyelination diseases such as MS.
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Authors
Nima Sanadgol, Fereshteh Golab, Ali Mostafaie, Mehdi Mehdizadeh, Roghayeh Khalseh, Morteza Mahmoudi, Mohammad Abdollahi, Gelareh Vakilzadeh, Ghorban Taghizadeh, Mohammad Sharifzadeh,