Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
8545948 | Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology | 2018 | 35 Pages |
Abstract
“Erva cidreira” (Lippia alba (Mill.) N. E. Brown) is popular for its therapeutic properties, especially its sedative properties. Such properties led to the discovery of the anesthetic action of Lippia alba essential oil in fish culture. The objective of this study was to evaluate the genotoxic effect of Lippia alba essential oil in fish and mammals. The oil was extracted by hydrodistillation with a Clevenger apparatus and analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS), where the compounds linalool, eucalyptol, γ-muurolene, and caryophyllene were identified as the most abundant compounds. Lippia alba essential oil showed inhibitory activity on LPS-stimulated Nitric Oxide (NO) production (77% at 20â¯Î¼gâ¯mLâ1) in RAW 264.7 macrophages without influence cellular viability. Genotoxic action was observed by micronucleus and comet assay in the doses 100, 200 and 300â¯mgâ¯Kgâ1, showing greater damage to fish than mammals. When we compared the treatment modes, greater damage was observed in the treatment by inhalation, but this was still not toxic. The oxidative stress measured by quantification of advanced oxidation protein products revealed low oxidation but significantly more harm than the control. These findings support the use of Lippia alba essential oil as an anesthetic for fish without harm to consumers.
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Authors
Edgar Hell Kampke, Maria Eduarda de Souza Barroso, Franciane Martins Marques, Marcio Fronza, Rodrigo Scherer, Mayara Fumiere Lemos, Bianca Prandi Campagnaro, Levy Carvalho Gomes,