Inhibition of copper-zinc superoxide dismutase activity by selected environmental xenobiotics

The function of Cu,Zn-SOD is to dismutate superoxide into hydrogen peroxide and oxygen. This task is fulfilled due to structural nuances of the enzyme. Many environmental xenobiotics have been proved to inhibit Cu,Zn-SOD. Those compounds could be found not only in industrial sewage, cigarettes and various chemical agents - some of them are used as drugs, drug production substrates or are the product of drug biotransformation. Cu,Zn-SOD exposition to these compounds leads to inhibition due to: copper ion chelation, unfolding the structure of the enzyme, affecting residues vital for activity maintenance. This review covers a selection of Cu,Zn-SOD inhibitors, referring to in vivo and in vitro study.