Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
8551104 | Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology | 2018 | 43 Pages |
Abstract
Cinnamomum cassia has been widely used as a natural product to treat diseases in Asia due to its diverse pharmacological functions including anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, anti-diabetic, and anti-tumor effects. Despite its ethnomedicinal benefits, little information regarding its toxicity is currently available. The aim of this study was to evaluate its potential long-term toxicity and genotoxicity in compliance with test guidelines of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. A 13-week repeat-dose oral toxicity study revealed that body weights of rats were normal after receiving cinnamon extract at up to 2000â¯mg/kg. High-dose intake of cinnamon extract (2000â¯mg/kg) showed potential nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity to both males and females as evidenced by obvious increases of kidney/liver weight along with a small but statistically elevation of total cholesterol level. Overall findings from genetic toxicity testing battery including Ames test, in vitro mammalian cell micronucleus assay, and in vivo bone marrow micronucleus assay indicated that cinnamon extract was not mutagenic or clastogenic. In conclusion, cinnamon extract may possess potential nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity at dose higher than its recommended daily safe dose. Further study is needed to clarify the mechanism involved in its induction of liver and kidney injury.
Keywords
OECDALTRBCMCVChlNCESHCTWBCTDIGLPMCHCMCHMNPCEsPLTCinnamomum cassiamicronucleated polychromatic erythrocytesASTalanine transaminaseALPAlkaline phosphatasenormochromatic erythrocytesaspartate transaminasetriglycerideGood Laboratory PracticeMean corpuscular volumeBUNCinnamonChinese hamster lungSubchronicOrganization for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentToxicityGenotoxicitymean corpuscular hemoglobinMean corpuscular hemoglobin concentrationblood urea nitrogenhematocritHemoglobinHgbPlatelethigh-performance liquid chromatographyHPLCtotal bilirubintotal proteintotal cholesterolwhite blood cellred blood cell
Related Topics
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Environmental Science
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Authors
Jun-Won Yun, Ji-Ran You, Yun-Soon Kim, Seung-Hyun Kim, Eun-Young Cho, Jung-Hee Yoon, Euna Kwon, Ja-June Jang, Jin-Sung Park, Hyoung-Chin Kim, Jeong-Hwan Che, Byeong-Cheol Kang,