Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
8552710 | Toxicology | 2018 | 36 Pages |
Abstract
Organophosphorus (OP) compounds have been known as the most widely used pesticides during the past half century and there have been a huge body of literature regarding their association with human chronic diseases. Neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental disorders including Alzheimer, Parkinson, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and autism are among the afflicting neurological diseases which overshadow human life and their higher risk in relation to OP exposures have been uncovered by epidemiological studies. In addition, experimental studies exploring the underlying mechanisms have provided some evidence for involvement of cholinergic deficit, oxidative stress, neuro-inflammation, and epigenetic modifications as the processes which are common in the toxicity of the OP and pathophysiology of the mentioned diseases. In addition, genetic mutations and polymorphisms of different variants of some genes like paraoxonase have been shown to be implicated in both susceptibility to OPs toxicity and neurological diseases. In this article, we reviewed the epidemiological as well as experimental studies evidencing the association of exposure to OPs and incidence of neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental diseases.
Keywords
BChEOPIDNbutyrylcholinesterasePONROSpesticidesAChEattention deficit hyperactivity disorderNeurodevelopmental disordersOrganophosphorusAcetylcholinesteraseamyotrophic lateral sclerosisADHDAlzheimer diseaseALSNeurodegenerative diseasesParkinson diseaseEnvironmental toxicologyOrganophosphorus-induced delayed neuropathyParaoxonaseReactive oxygen species
Related Topics
Life Sciences
Environmental Science
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Authors
Sara Mostafalou, Mohammad Abdollahi,