Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
8554023 | Toxicology in Vitro | 2018 | 18 Pages |
Abstract
The in vitro potency of botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) serotypes is often measured by monitoring cleavage of their soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) protein substrates. A frequently used method is Western blot, whereby the full-length protein and cleaved form migrate at different molecular weights. Until now, it has been extremely difficult to detect the cleaved cellular form of the SNARE protein vesicle associated membrane protein 1, 2 or 3 (VAMP1, 2 or 3) by Western blot. These VAMP isoforms are the substrates of BoNT serotypes BoNT/B, D, F and G as well as tetanus neurotoxin. Using custom made anti-VAMP antibodies against epitopes either side of the cleavage sites for BoNT/B, BoNT/D and BoNT/F, we have successfully detected the cleaved C-terminal VAMP fragment in cortical neurons. These new antibodies enable quantitative assessment of the potency of VAMP-cleaving neurotoxins by a gain of signal Western blot assay.
Keywords
HBSScytosine β-d-arabinofuranosideSNAP-25TeNTSNAREVAMPBoNTFBSPBSIn vitro assayrabbit monoclonal antibodySDS-PAGESodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresistetanus neurotoxinEnzyme-linked immunosorbent assayELISAAraCDIVdays in vitroPLOfoetal bovine serumPhosphate buffered salineHank's balanced salt solutionBotulinum neurotoxinWestern blotVesicle-associated membrane proteinsynaptosomal-associated protein 25Poly-l-ornithinesoluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor
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Authors
B. Gray, V. Cadd, M. Elliott, M. Beard,