Effectiveness of flipped classrooms in nursing education: Systematic review and meta-analysis

These results indicated that a flipped classroom might help nursing students improve in knowledge, skills, attitudes, self-learning, study satisfaction, critical thinking and problem-solving skills. We recommend adopting this approach for nursing education reform. There is a call for robust empirical research and unification of appraisal standards for further support of the effectiveness of the flipped classroom. Furthermore, a meta-regression analysis is also recommended to explore the sources of heterogeneity in included studies.