Individual Variation in Pain Sensitivity and Conditioned Pain Modulation in Acute Low Back Pain: Effect of Stimulus Type, Sleep, and Psychological and Lifestyle Factors

Sensory changes indicative of increased/decreased central processing of pain and nociceptive input presented differently between individuals with acute LBP and were related to factors such as sleep and alcohol. This may underlie variation in outcome and suggest potential for early identification of individuals with poor long-term outcome.