Improving the hydraulic efficiency of Ibrahemia canal

Ibrahemia canal is one of the longest irrigation canals in Egypt. It starts at 400 m upstream of Asuit barrages and ends in Giza Irrigation General Directorate of 316.300 km length. The canal cross section is bounded in many reaches along canal length by railway line in right bank and Cairo-Aswan agriculture road in left bank. The canal passes through many cities and residential areas, its cross section is affected negatively due to interpenetrate with road section and railway lines. Wastes and deposits increase the contraction of canal cross section. The reach from km 122 to km 132 which located within El Menya City is one of the most critical reaches owing to its length, complicity of maintenance and its effect on canal water hydraulic gradient. The objective of the study is to introduce the most convenient maintenance program to improve the hydraulic efficiency of the studied reach and reduce the loss in water levels along it, also to insure that the reach is capable of passing the required discharge to downstream reaches.The canal cross sections were surveyed along the study reach, the flow velocities were measured and flow discharge was calculated. The study reach was simulated using one dimension mathematical model (SOBEK 1D) to predict the change of hydraulic parameters of the study reach after the execution of the suggested training programs. Finally four maintenance scenarios were suggested and evaluated hydraulically to improve the hydraulic efficiency of the selected reach of Ibrahemia canal.