Impact of maternal serum uric acid on perinatal outcome in women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: A prospective study

Introduction: Worldwide hypertensive disorder of pregnancy is major cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity, mortality. Aim: To study impact of maternal serum uric acid on perinatal outcome in women with hypertensive disorder of pregnancy. Methodology: Present study was conducted in Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of rural tertiary care centre of Northern India over seven months (October 2016-May 2017). Total 110 pregnant women >-34 weeks with hypertensive disorder of pregnancy were divided into three groups; Gestational hypertension (n = 35), Pre-eclampsia (n = 49), Eclampsia (n = 26). Maternal serum uric acid and its co-relation with perinatal outcome were assessed in each group. Results: Of total 111 babies delivered to women with hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, 52 (46.85%) were preterm and 59 (53.15%) term. Of these; 43 (38.74%) were born healthy (APGAR > 7), 31 (27.93%) suffered minimal respiratory distress, 14 (12.61%) severe birth asphyxia and required ventilator support, of which two died, 19 (17.12%) babies died in utero and 4 (3.60%) were still births. Mean neonatal birth weight in all three groups was 2.956 ± 0.273 kg, 2.475 ± 0.324 kg and 2.177 ± 0.282 kg respectively. Mean serum uric acid in gestational hypertension women with healthy foetuses was 5.16 ± 1.74 mg/dl and with distressed foetuses was 6.52 ± 2.31 mg/dl, in pre-eclampsia it was 5.3 ± 1.44 mg/dl and 7.29 ± 2.63 mg/dl and in eclamptic women 5.7 ± 0 mg/dl and 8.83 ± 2.96 mg/dl respectively. Conclusion: Adverse perinatal outcome was maximum in eclampsia group, followed by pre-eclampsia and lastly in gestational hypertension. Hence, higher maternal serum uric acid was associated with poor perinatal outcome (p < .05).