Are there gender differences in those diagnosed with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures?

Gender differences were identified with males reporting a significantly higher use of avoidance (cognitive and behavioral avoidance of stress) and depressive symptoms. Women exhibited significantly higher rates of sexual trauma compared with male counterparts. Consequently, women also had significantly higher rates of trauma symptomatology (dissociation and sexual disturbances) which are often observed in those who have been traumatized sexually. These gender distinctions may support different first-line treatment approaches (e.g., trauma-focused; more traditional cognitive behavioral therapy) depending on the most prominent symptomatology.