A novel enzyme biosensor for glucose based on rhodanine derivative chemiluminescence system and mesoporous hollow silica microspheres receptor

In this work, hollow silica microspheres (HSMs), which have hollow interiors and nanoporous shells, were used in the immobilization of enzyme to establish a novel chemiluminescence biosensor. The immobilization behavior of enzyme in HSMs with different pore sizes has been studied. The results revealed that the pore size and the surface area of HSMs play important roles in their immobilization performance. Compared with traditional methods, this immobilization method not only provides tunable and consistent pore system and restricted microspaces for enzyme immobilization, but also exhibits a larger immobilization capacity and a higher adsorption rate. A rhodanine derivative-KMnO4-HCl-H2O2 was used to replace traditional chemiluminescence system (luminol-horseradish peroxidase-H2O2) to reach the purpose of high sensitivity, simple operation and pH expansion for chemiluminescence biosensor. The linear range of this novel method is 7.72 × 10−6 to 2.54 × 10−2 mol L−1 (r = 0.9994). The detection limit is 8.0 × 10−7 mol L−1. The Michaelis–Menten constant of glucose oxidase was 0.3 mmol L−1. With glucose oxidase as a test enzyme, the proposed method gave an accurate and satisfactory result once applied to the determination of glucose in four different human serum samples.