Automated resolution of dichlorvos and methylparaoxon pesticide mixtures employing a Flow Injection system with an inhibition electronic tongue

An amperometric biosensor array has been developed to resolve pesticide mixtures of dichlorvos and methylparaoxon. The biosensor array has been used in a Flow Injection system, in order to operate automatically the inhibition procedure. The sensors used were three screen-printed amperometric biosensors that incorporated three different acetylcholinesterase enzymes: the wild type from Electric eel and two different genetically modified enzymes, B1 and B394 mutants, from Drosophila melanogaster. The inhibition response triplet was modelled using an Artificial Neural Network which was trained with mixture solutions that contain dichlorvos from 10−4 to 0.1 μM and methylparaoxon from 0.001 to 2.5 μM. This system can be considered an inhibition electronic tongue.