Pediatric Iatrogenic Movement Disorders

The acute development of a movement disorder is often a dramatic and frightening experience for patients and families, often requiring urgent or emergent evaluation by a neurologist. In the assessment of these patients, one relies on the history, physical and neurologic examination to determine the etiology of the condition. We aim to demonstrate that a thorough medication history is an incredibly critical part of this evaluation as iatrogenic movement disorders can arise from exposure not only to psychoactive medications, but from drugs prescribed for a variety of nonneurologic disorders. This comprehensive review is organized by movement disorder semiology so that the reader can more readily develop a differential diagnosis when evaluating a patient with a movement disorder.