| Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8699844 | Journal of Endodontics | 2013 | 5 Pages |
Abstract
This study reported that smokers are immunologically deficient in TNF-α and hBD-2, suggesting that dental pulps of smokers possess limited defense mechanisms, affecting their endodontic prognosis and indicating a cause for their reported inferior outcome.
Related Topics
Health Sciences
Medicine and Dentistry
Dentistry, Oral Surgery and Medicine
Authors
Caroline BDS, MSD, Anita DDS, MS, Mohammed BDS, MSD, Santosh PhD, Tracey MD, PhD, Catherine PhD, Thomas A. DDS, MS, Andre K. DDS, MSD,