Percutaneous ultrasound-guided fiducial marker placement for liver cancer robotic stereotactic radio-surgery treatment: A comparative analysis of three types of markers and needles

Percutaneous ultrasound-guided placement of fiducial markers for SBRT of liver neoplastic lesions is safe and feasible. In our series, the 22 G needle showed some advantage in terms of handling and safety when compared with the 25 G and 17 G needles. In addition, the gold anchor marker of 0.4 × 10 mm size displayed a lower percentage of displacement.