Haploidentical stem cell transplantation-bone marrow vs peripheral blood

Hematopoietic stem cells may be obtained by collection of bone marrow, mobilization and collection of peripheral blood stem cells or umbilical cord blood. Transplantation of peripheral blood hematopoietic cells has increased due to faster engraftment and practicability in both the related, unrelated or haploidentical setting. We reviewed the question of which stem cell source - bone marrow (BM) or peripheral blood (PBSC) - is the most suitable for individuals undergoing haploidentical stem cell transplantation. BM or PBSC could be safely used as allograft sources for haploidentical transplantation with good outcomes and acceptable rates of GVHD and graft failure. Prospective randomized studies are needed to evaluate the effect of PB vs BM in haploidentical settings.