Outcomes Following Clinical Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Muscle-invasive Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder in Patients Refusing Radical Cystectomy

Bladder preservation may be a reasonable option in a highly select subset of patients with MIBC who are complete clinical responders after NAC. For those patients that were cT0 after NAC and refused or were ineligible for RC, 5-year disease-free survival was nearly 60% and cancer-specific survival was nearly 90%. Future studies should focus on identifying clinical and molecular factors associated with a durable pathologic complete response after NAC.