Head and neck ultrasound: technical advances, novel applications and the role of elastography

High-resolution ultrasound (US) provides superb anatomical detail in the superficial anatomy of the neck and has become the first-line imaging investigation for neck lumps and a crucial component of clinical pathways. In this article, a wide range of advances in neck US are described with a focus on the emerging role of ultrasound elastography. Selected examples of clinical utility are presented across a spectrum of scenarios with discussion of newer applications, service delivery, and training issues. The changing role of the neck ultrasound practitioner and the future of the technique in the head and neck are considered.