Estimating the Cost-Effectiveness of Lung Cancer Screening with Low-Dose Computed Tomography for High-Risk Smokers in Australia

LDCT lung screening using NLST selection and implementation criteria is unlikely to be cost-effective in Australia. Future economic evaluations should consider alternative screening eligibility criteria, intervals, nodule management, the impact and cost of new therapies, investigations of incidental findings, and incorporation of smoking cessation interventions.