Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
8804585 | The Spine Journal | 2018 | 31 Pages |
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory conditions of IVD degeneration appear to involve macrophages or macrophage-like cells, as expression of multiple macrophage markers increased with degeneration, especially around unhealthy regions with defects and the EP. Knowledge of macrophage phenotypes and their localization better elucidates the complex injury and repair processes in IVDs and may eventually lead to novel treatments.
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Authors
Kenneth R. BS, Benjamin A. PhD, Damien M. BS, Divya PhD, Grace E. BS, Kara L. PhD, James C. PhD,