Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
8842184 | Progress in Neurobiology | 2018 | 109 Pages |
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) plays a vital role in regulating the trafficking of fluid, solutes and cells at the blood-brain interface and maintaining the homeostatic microenvironment of the CNS. Under pathological conditions, such as ischemic stroke, the BBB can be disrupted, followed by the extravasation of blood components into the brain and compromise of normal neuronal function. This article reviews recent advances in our knowledge of the mechanisms underlying BBB dysfunction and recovery after ischemic stroke. CNS cells in the neurovascular unit, as well as blood-borne peripheral cells constantly modulate the BBB and influence its breakdown and repair after ischemic stroke. The involvement of stroke risk factors and comorbid conditions further complicate the pathogenesis of neurovascular injury by predisposing the BBB to anatomical and functional changes that can exacerbate BBB dysfunction. Emphasis is also given to the process of long-term structural and functional restoration of the BBB after ischemic injury. With the development of novel research tools, future research on the BBB is likely to reveal promising potential therapeutic targets for protecting the BBB and improving patient outcome after ischemic stroke.
Keywords
MCAOL-type amino acid transporterG protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1High-mobility group box1ICAMHIFGPER-1HMGB1GLUT1EAATIPSCAQP4ECMGDNFECFeNOSABCHFDLPScyclic AMPcAMPl-NAMEMAPKNω-nitro-l-arginine methyl esterangiopoietinApoeapolipoprotein Eaquaporin 4Anginterleukinexcitatory amino acid transporterHigh fat dietLATBBBEndothelial cellInduced pluripotent stem cellendothelial nitric oxide synthaseHypoxia-inducible factorglial cell-derived neurotrophic factorLow-density lipoproteinLDLlipopolysaccharideExtracellular matrixBlood-brain barrierextracellular fluidCerebrospinal fluidCSFJAMintercellular adhesion moleculejunctional adhesion moleculemitogen-activated protein kinaseAdherens junctionATP-binding cassetteestrogen receptors
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Authors
Xiaoyan Jiang, Anuska V. Andjelkovic, Ling Zhu, Tuo Yang, Michael V.L. Bennett, Jun Chen, Richard F. Keep, Yejie Shi,