Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
8844779 | Papillomavirus Research | 2017 | 9 Pages |
Abstract
These results suggest that hrHPV is a sufficient cause of anal HSIL. Seropositivity for HIV, HSV 2, T. pallidum, HBV and HCV and a history of gonorrhoea or chlamydia exert a powerful amplifying factor increasing the risk of HSIL above the risk with hrHPV alone. Other co-factors which are associated with an increased risk of HSIL are increased age, male gender, MSM behaviour and self-reported history of more than 50 sexual partners. This pattern of disease in patients with warts is characteristic of a syndemic with potential serious increased risk of anal carcinoma.
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Authors
Jenny C. McCloskey, W. Martin Kast, James P. Flexman, Dugald McCallum, Martyn A. French, Michael Phillips,