Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
8853851 | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety | 2018 | 10 Pages |
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an emerging pollutant of environmental concern, classified as “moderately toxic” and “toxic”, causing adverse effects on aquatic biota. Although information about BPA toxicity on aquatic fauna is available, the data about BPA effects on aquatic flora remain scarce, missing for marine macrophytes. The effects of environmentally relevant BPA concentrations (ranging from 0.03 to 3â¯Î¼gâ¯Lâ1) on juvenile leaf elongation and the cytoskeleton (microtubules, MTs and actin filaments, AFs) were studied in the seagrass Cymodocea nodosa for 1-10 days. The suitability of cytoskeleton disturbance and leaf elongation impairment as “biomarkers” for BPA stress were tested. The highest BPA concentrations (0.3, 0.5, 1 and 3â¯Î¼gâ¯Lâ1) affected significantly leaf elongation from the onset of the experiment, while defects of the cytoskeleton were observed even at lower concentrations. In particular, MTs were initially disrupted (i.e. “lowest observed effect concentrations”, LOECs) at 0.1â¯Î¼gâ¯Lâ1, while AFs were damaged even at 0.03â¯Î¼gâ¯Lâ1. AFs appeared thus to be more sensitive to lower BPA concentrations, while there was a correlation between leaf elongation impairment and MT defects. Thus, AF damages, MT disruption and leaf elongation impairment in C. nodosa, in this particular order, appear to be sensitive “biomarkers” of BPA stress, at the above environmentally relevant BPA concentrations.
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Authors
Ioannis-Dimosthenis S. Adamakis, Paraskevi Malea, Emmanuel Panteris,