Review of sulfur dioxide to sulfate aerosol chemistry at KÄ«lauea Volcano, Hawai'i

The theoretical analysis suggests that the dominant reaction in clear air will be between sulfur dioxide and the hydroxyl radical (0.01-5% h−1) and the dominant reaction in cloudy air involves hydrogen peroxide (3-50% s−1). Moreover, given the high SO2 emissions from the Halema'uma'u Crater vent, the oxidation of sulfur dioxide by these reactants is limited by their rate of production.