Moral foundation priorities reflect U.S. Christians' individual differences in religiosity

•We surveyed 450 Christians' religious attitudes and moral foundation priorities.•Fairness and Care were positively predicted by having an outreaching faith.•Authority was positively predicted by Biblical literalism.•Purity was predicted by religious commitment, literalism, and authoritarian God.•Loyalty was predicted by religious commitment.

The moral domains of loyalty, authority, and purity have been linked with both religion and conservatism in Moral Foundations Theory. Yet there are important individual differences in religiosity. We sought to provide a more nuanced understanding of the relations between religiosity, conservatism, and the moral foundations identified in MFT. Participants were 450 Christians who completed an online survey assessing outreaching faith, religious commitment, belief in an authoritarian God, Biblical literalism, and the prioritization of each of the five moral foundations. Conservatism and religious commitment were significant positive predictors of Loyalty. Controlling for conservatism and religious commitment, we found that Fairness was predicted by outreaching faith; Care was positively predicted by outreaching faith and negatively predicted by belief in an authoritarian God; Authority was predicted by literalism; and Purity was predicted by literalism and authoritarian God representations. Our results highlight the need to consider individual differences in religious beliefs in theorizing about moral foundations.