Elucidation of role of graphene in catalytic designs for electroreduction of oxygen

Graphene is, in principle, a promising material for consideration as component (support, active site) of electrocatalytic materials, particularly with respect to the reduction of oxygen, an electrode reaction of importance to low-temperature fuel cell technology. Different concepts of utilization, including nanostructuring, doping, admixing, preconditioning, modification or functionalization of various graphene-based systems for catalytic electroreduction of oxygen are elucidated, as well as important strategies to enhance the systems' overall activity and stability are discussed.