Do longus capitis and colli really stabilise the cervical spine? A study of their fascicular anatomy and peak force capabilities

These data highlight the complex anatomy and small force capacity of longus capitis and colli, and have implications for their function. In particular, the small peak compression forces indicate that these muscles have a limited capacity to contribute to cervical stability via traditional mechanisms. This implies that the mechanism(s) by which cranio-cervical flexion exercises produce clinical benefits is worth exploring further.