Paediatric emergence delirium: a comprehensive review and interpretation of the literature

There remain unanswered questions and implications related to emergence delirium in children. Although we know that there are some predisposing factors to emergence delirium, we still are unable to predict accurately those who are at greatest risk. Emergence delirium should be considered as a 'vital sign', which should be followed and documented in every child in the postanaesthesia recovery period. Standardized screening tools should be adopted for paediatric emergence delirium.