Sémiologie biologique urinaire

Investigating urinary tract diseases necessitates urine and blood lab assessments. Besides, urine analysis provides valuable information on many functions of the organism. The author briefly reviews the pre analytical conditions, the operating techniques and finally the interpretation criteria of principal urine tests. Urinalysis helps screening for urinary diseases or establishing a diagnosis. However, blood testing remains necessary to evaluate renal function; the limitations and advantages of assessing plasma urea and creatinine concentration are described. Since plasma creatinine and urea concentrations are only late indicators of kidney dysfunction, renal functional investigations should be considered. These are described.