The immunopharmacological properties of transforming growth factor beta

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family members are multifunctional molecules, which play pivotal roles in regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, development, tissue remodeling and repair. These events are closely associated with host immune responses and inflammation. Despite some controversies on their function in controlling dendritic and T regulatory cell development and activity, the importance of TGF-βs in the progress of autoimmunity and inflammatory diseases has been well appreciated and new aspects of their contribution continue to be recognized. Since one of the major biological properties of TGF-βs is its capacity to potently suppress immune responses, they are considered as candidates for the development of therapeutic agents to fend off undesirable damage associated with immune and inflammatory conditions.