Anesthésie pour chirurgie du kyste hydatique du foie

Human echinococcosis which is due to the development in the organism of the larval form of the tænia Echinococcus granulosus is a frequent disease in Mediterranean countries. North Africa is regarded as an endemic area for hydatic diseases. The most frequent localization of this parasitosis is the liver. The hepatic hydatic cyst evolution can generate serious consequences by parenchymatous or vascular compression. Preoperative assessment of the cyst characteristics is essential in the choice of the strategy for perioperative management. The surgery of the liver hydatic cyst is often simple. However, events occurring during surgery are characterized by their suddenness, their seriousness as well as the difficulty of the etiologic diagnostic of the haemodynamic collapse. This collapse can be of anaphylactic, toxic or haemorrhagic origin. The cyst evacuation induces a risk of peritoneal hydatic fluid dissemination. It is important to avoid spreading in the abdominal cavity and to carefully inject the scolicid into the cyst. The morbidity of the surgical treatment of the cyst hydatic of the liver is primarily related to surgery, consisting essentially of the complications of the residual cavity.