Production and Characterization of Novel Monoclonal Antibody to Rat Periodontium

Enamel matrix derivative, bone morphogenetic protein and platelet-rich protein are used for periodontal regeneration therapy, but they are not always sufficient. Furthermore, new regeneration factors are needed to promote periodontal regeneration therapy. In the present study, monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) against the periodontium were produced for use in detection of specific factor. A decalcified 3-week-old Sprague-Dawley rat mandible including tooth and periodontium was used as an antigen to immunize BALB/c mice. MoAb against rat periodontium was produced using immunized spleen cells and P3U1 myeloma cells. Antibodies were screened and cloned using an immunohistochemical method and a limiting dilution method, respectively. MoAb against rat periodontium was isolated, and designated as RPT1. The RPT1 reacted with the periodontal ligament, periosteum and fibrous tissue immediately beneath the gingival and hard palatal epithelia of the rat. All other examined tissues were negative for the RPT1. As sections treated with periodic acid were negative for the MoAb, the antigen seemed to be glycoprotein and was stable for heat and other organic solvents. The RPT1-positive sites coincided with hard tissue. Consequently, identification of the antigen reactive with this MoAb could lead to the development of novel agents for use in periodontal regeneration therapy.