Dietary lipids modulate eicosanoid release and apoptosis of cells of a murine lung alveolar carcinoma

Dietary arachidonic acid (AA) and eicosanoids influence neoplastic cell (NC) growth, differentiation and apoptosis. Plasma membrane fatty acid and cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipoxygenase (LOX) products were investigated in lung alveolar carcinoma cells from mice fed on different diets. Two groups were fed on a basic diet plus 6% of: corn oil (rich in 18:2n-6; CO) and on olein oil (rich in 18:1n-9; O), respectively. Control group (C) received commercial diet. NC fatty acids were analyzed by GLC, and apoptosis by flow cytometry and microscopy. In NC from CO group AA levels and LOX metabolites were increased, whereas COX metabolites decreased. NC from CO compared to O group diet showed a higher count of apoptosis and increased LOX:COX ratio. High levels of AA and decreased COX eicosanoids has been involved in anti-tumoral mechanisms by increasing tumor cell apoptosis. Present data emphasizes the implications of the dietary fatty acids on the neoplastic process in this tumoral model.