Neopterin in HIV-1 infection

Article ID	Journal	Published Year	Pages	File Type
9142167	Molecular Immunology	2005	12 Pages	PDF

Abstract

This review subsumes the importance of neopterin as a marker in HIV-1 infection. Further evidence is increasing, that neopterin derivatives might modulate immune response by interfering with the cellular redox balance, activating redox-sensitive transcription factors, or inducing apoptosis in specific cell types. The possible impact of neopterin derivatives and of other biochemical pathways induced by interferon-Î³ such as indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in chronic diseases like HIV-1 infection is discussed.

Keywords

NF-κB sTNFR Neopterin Th1 Chronic immune activation SIV VSMC IDO IFN-γ N-methyl-d-aspartate NMDA iNOS ICAM-1 LPS GTP PTPs ROS AIDS interferon-γ interleukin indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase tumour necrosis factor-α Anti-retroviral therapy Vascular smooth muscle cells inducible nitric oxide synthase acquired immunodeficiency syndrome TNF-α nuclear factor-κB Systemic lupus erythematosus SLE Lipopolysaccharides Cerebrospinal fluid CSF intracellular adhesion molecule-1 T-helper type 1 Nitric oxide ART HIV-1 guanosine 5′-triphosphate Reactive oxygen species