Interrupted aortic arch: Surgical decision making

Interrupted aortic arch (IAA) is defined as the loss of luminal continuity between the ascending and descending aorta. It is associated with a multitude of lesions ranging from isolated ventricular septal defects to complex ones. Although results have improved in the modern era, repair of IAA is associated with a significant mortality and morbidity. In recent years, the move to a one-stage repair has become well established, and the optimal technique for aortic repair seems to be partial direct anastomosis with patch augmentation. Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) continues to be an important factor affecting survival and re-intervention rates after IAA repair. Great variability exists with regard to definition and diagnosis of LVOTO. To guide the decision for left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) intervention and which type to use, we propose a simple formula based on the baby's weight. We advocate a conservative approach when the LVOT diameter is greater than the baby's weight + 2 mm and a LVOT bypass procedure (Yasui or Norwood) if the LVOT diameter is less than the baby's weight in millimeters. If the LVOT diameter falls in between, no definitive recommendation can be made, and the surgical approach is based on the surgeon's experience and overall philosophy.