Variations and Modifications of the Infratemporal Fossa Approaches

Many approaches have evolved to deal with removal of jugular foramen tumors. The most commonly employed are the Fisch type infratemporal fossa approaches. Traditionally, these approaches are associated with significant degrees of morbidity in addition to that associated with tumor removal. Various modifications of these approaches have been developed to decrease morbidity but still provide adequate visualization and exposure for tumor removal. The various modifications and combinations are described. The approach developed and most utilized by the authors is presented in detail.