Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
9218221 | Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontology | 2005 | 4 Pages |
Abstract
The development of abnormal oral frena is an important diagnostic feature of several syndromic states. Five such syndromes are reviewed which include Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, holoprosencephaly, Ellis-van Creveld syndrome, and oral-facial-digital syndrome. Each syndrome exhibits relatively specific frena abnormalities, ranging from multiple, hyperplastic, hypoplastic, or absent.1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 In addition to abnormal oral frena observed in syndromic conditions, anomalous frena are encountered without other associated phenotypic features of genetic or chromosomal states.9 This paper is a review of the above stated frena deformities and their management.
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Authors
Sheldon M. DDS, MS, Michael A. DDS, MS, Paul J. DMD,