Terapia ocupacional: del siglo XIX al XXI. Historia y concepto de ocupación

Through the synthetic analysis of the history of Occupational Therapy (OT) between the 19th and 21st centuries, we aim at obtaining a more profound knowledge and broadening the perspectives of a discipline that is closely related to the activities of the Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine expert. This reflection expresses the historical reality of OT in Spain from 1964 until the present and its projection in sanitary, socio- sanitary and social areas. In the course of the last decade, OT has increasingly imposed itself on the areas of assistance, academics, research and management. It is expanding from the Services of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine and Hospital Psychiatry into the environment that is closest to the patient: OT at home, OT in First Aid Units, OT in the Community, and OT in treatment by means of occupation and reasonable adjustment to the environment of blind and deaf people, and through the functional adaptation and reinsertion of various socially marginalised groups