Sténose congénitale de l'œsophage chez l'enfant : à propos de trois cas

The authors report about three cases of congenital stenosis of the oesophagus. This is a rare condition for which three main types are described: a mucous diaphragm, fibrous stenosis and stenosis by branchial heterotopy. It results from a disturbance in the recanalization of the oesophageal tube. Symptoms generally appear early in infancy, but are sometimes very discrete and diagnosis can be made later in infancy or exceptionally in adulthood. Diagnosis is based on oesophagogram and endoscopy, which ruling out other causes of benign narrowing. The treatment resorts to endoscopic dilatation and to surgery, which remains the safest method.