Eurytrema pancreaticum: The in vitro effect of praziquantel and triclabendazole on the adult fluke

The efficacy and tolerance of the 80 μg/ml praziquantel (PZQ) and 40 μg/ml triclabendazole (TCZ) against adult stage Eurytrema pancreaticum in vitro were investigated at 3, 12, and 15 h incubation. Motility of the flukes and histopathological changes were studied. Sudden paralysis and death were observed after exposed to PZQ as early as 3 h incubation. In contrast, the TCZ treated flukes showed active mobility at all intervals. By light microscopic examination, severe damages in various organs such as tegument, muscle, and testes were observed early at 12 h incubation of these drugs. PZQ caused more severe damage to flukes than TCZ. There were vigorous contraction of musculature, progressive shrinkage of circular and longitudinal muscles, vacuolization and disintegration of the tegument disrupting the worms' outer surface including detachment of spines in the PZQ treatment. The cells in testes were slightly increased in size and followed by degeneration leaving several hollow spaces. The uterus and vitelline glands remained unaffected. The direct observation of the fluke motility and light microscopic study highly suggested that PZQ was more effective than TCZ treatment for the eurytremiasis infection.