| Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 9691038 | International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer | 2005 | 9 Pages |
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether or not a physical water treatment (PWT) reduced the surface tension of hard water. Two different PWT devices were used: a permanent magnet-Drexel University (PMDU) and a solenoid coil electronic device (SCED). The effects of the treatment number of the PWT on the surface tension were studied. Two separate experiments were conducted: one was the measurement of surface tension, and the other was a flow-visualization of dye behavior in water samples. As the number of treatments of the PWT increased, the surface tension of the sample water decreased, a phenomenon that was consistent with the results in the dye flow-visualization experiment.
Related Topics
Physical Sciences and Engineering
Chemical Engineering
Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes
Authors
Young I. Cho, Sung-Hyuk Lee,