Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
9726499 | Journal of Environmental Economics and Management | 2005 | 15 Pages |
Abstract
We consider the effects of international environmental agreements using the 1988 Sofia Protocol on the reduction of nitrogen oxides. Panel data on 23 European countries for the period 1985-96 is used to evaluate the impact on emissions by dividing countries into participants and non-participants: that is, those that did and those that did not ratify the Sofia Protocol. Using a difference in difference estimator and controlling for country-specific variables, we find that signing the treaty had a significant positive impact on emission reduction. The estimated yearly reduction in emissions is approximately 2.1% greater than it would have been without the Sofia Protocol.
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Authors
Espen Bratberg, Sigve Tjøtta, Torgeir Ãines,